While aimed at protecting society, the civil commitment of PFRs has faced criticism for its effectiveness and costliness. Studies suggest that civil commitment alone does not significantly reduce the risk of reoffending among this population. Additionally, the process requires substantial resources for legal proceedings, psychiatric evaluations, and long-term care, placing a financial burden on taxpayers and straining mental health systems. Ethical concerns arise regarding individual rights and due process, especially given the potential for indefinite confinement. The Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA) published a March 2022 report finding Pennsylvaniaβs cost for civil commitment of a person who offends sexually is $312,941 per year. With an average of 55 individuals held in this program, the total cost per year for Pennsylvania taxpayers exceeds $17 million.